Brief Summary of Minutes of Annual Meeting

The annual meeting was held at Michigan State University, October 24-25, 2003 and chaired by Matt Doumit.

Deb Hamernik, CSREES Representative, provided update information on USDA personnel changes and competitive grant programs. A major change in competitive grant programs is an increase in size to grants to a range of $300,000 to $500,000 each. Unfortunately, this will have the effect of reducing the number of grants funded. Elton Aberle, Administrative Advisor, reminded the committee that the project is funded through September 30, 2005. A revised project proposal must be submitted and approved by the NCRA if the project is to continue beyone 2005. Aberle reviewed the process for a project renewal/revision and the timelines that must be met in 2004-05. Use of the NIMSS system in the writing of a revised/new project was reviewed. The revised project must be submitted by December 1, 2004.

The committee agreed to seek renewal of the NC131 project for the period 2005-2010. The same three objectives will be used for the next project period. These objectives and the stations that plan to address them are as follows:

(1) Characterize the signal transduction pathways that regulate skeletal muscle growth and differentiation
Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, Ohio, South Dakota, Pennsylvania, Utah, and Washington

(2) Determine the nuclear mechanisms that control gene expression in skeletal muscle
Arizona, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Nebraska, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin

(3) Characterize muscle proteins and their functional domains involved in myofibrillar assembly and disassembly
Arizona, Iowa, Nebraska, Oregon, and Wisconsin

Each station is to prepare a one-page summary of the 5-year plans for their station. Literature citations and methods descriptions should also be included. These summaries should be submitted to the following committee members for assembly:
Objective 1  Minnesota Station (Dayton, White, Hathaway)
Objective 2  Purdue Station (Gerrard)
Objective 3  Arizona and Oregon Stations (Goll, Forsberg)

Marion Greaser has agreed to prepare a draft of the Statement of Issues and Justification. Bill Dayton has been appointed to serve as the overall coordinator of the project re-write.

Marion Greaser will move from secretary to chair for next year and the committee meeting will be held in Wisconsin in mid-October. Dr. Neil Forsberg (Oregon State) was unanimously elected secretary for next year.

The business meeting was adjourned. The committee continued with individual station reports.

The goal of this project is to increase the efficiency of lean meat production in domestic animals through the use of basic research into the biological mechanisms that regulate muscle growth and differentiation. The results summarized in this project report demonstrate that the project participants continue to aggressively acquire information about the fundamental biological processes that regulate muscle development and growth of meat-producing animals.

The committee continues to be highly productive as indicated by the number of publications appearing in the last year. Collaboration through sharing of techniques, culture models, antibodies, molecular probes, and expertise continues to be an important aspect of the project. Committee members use and frequently improve current methods in cell and molecular biology, genomics and proteomics to address fundamental problems relevant to meat animal production.

Members have made substantial contributions toward understanding the extracellular signals, intracellular signal transduction pathways, and nuclear mechanisms that govern both myoblast/satellite cell activity and muscle protein accumulation. The activation of satellite cells to proliferate when muscle is stretched appears to involve both hepatocyte growth factor and nitric oxide synthase. Over-expression of fibroblast growth factor 1 receptor in muscle after in vivo transfection protects muscle against disuse atrophy. Janus kinase 2 and MEKK1 pathways affect muscle cell growth and muscle gene expression. Each of these pathways offers possibilities for pharmacological intervention or targets for genetic selection to increase muscle accretion.

A number of experiments also point to the importance of IGFBP-3 in muscle cell proliferation and differentiation. Both estrogenic and androgenic steroids have been demonstrated to show anabolic effects on cultured satellite cells. Elevation of IGF-1 and IGFBP may be the mechanism by which sub-therapeutic doses of anti-microbials improve muscle growth. Zinc has been shown to be an important in the binding of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) to its receptor.
Procedures have been developed to generate transgenic chickens. This is the first report where such transgenes actually express protein from the inserted gene. These chickens, with inserted beta-galactosidase, appear to be able to digest lactose, and thus have the potential to utilize high lactose containing feedstuffs.

A normalized porcine skeletal muscle cDNA library was developed and clones from this library have been used to construct a cDNA microarray. Initial results demonstrate that this technology will provide a rapid and powerful tool for identifying differentially expressed genes that are important for skeletal muscle development and growth. In addition, a cDNA macroarray developed at Iowa State University has been used to identify putative differentially expressed genes in proliferating and differentiating porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells. These genes can now be evaluated to further elucidate their roles in myogenesis. Microarray and reporter gene studies have identified several proteins that are up-regulated by ractopamine, including calmodulin, a major calcium regulatory protein of the cell.

The committee has also made significant progress in understanding muscle protein characteristics and the regulation of myofibrillar assembly and disassembly. A number of studies have provided new insights on the role of calpains in muscle function. Proteolytic cleavage experiments have demonstrated that the shape of m- and m-calpains changes from a compact, fairly protease resistant to an open, easily cleaved arrangement in the presence of calcium. A quantitative immunofluorescence method has been developed to track postmortem changes in calpain 3. A new electrophoretic method has also been developed using agarose and it should prove valuable for characterizing high molecular weight muscle proteins and their fragments.

Information gained by the project continues to provide the foundation for the development of novel strategies to improve muscularity, the rate and efficiency of muscle growth, and meat quality. For example, understanding how proteolytic activity of calpains is regulated may provide the opportunity to increase the rate of muscle growth with little or no increase in ingested energy, just as current understanding of calpain activation has providing novel methods to improve meat tenderization. Understanding regulation of myoblast activation, proliferation and differentiation by growth factor signaling offers potential to manipulate prenatal muscle fiber formation as well as postnatal satellite cell-mediated accumulation of myofiber nuclei. Elucidating the mechanisms that control myofiber gene expression and subsequent phenotype may provide opportunities to improve live animal efficiency. Likewise, manipulation of muscle protein isoform distribution may alter postmortem metabolism and subsequent meat quality. Developments based on fundamental research done by the committee are essential to the viability of animal agriculture.

For the next year, studies will continue as described in the approved proposal. No changes in the approach or objectives are anticipated at this time.

Refereed Journal Articles

Published Full-Length Articles

Arizona

Goll, D.E., V.F. Thompson, H. Li, W. Wei, and J. Cong. 2003. The calpain system. Physiol. Rev. 83: 731-801.

Thompson, V.F., K.R. Lawson, K.R., J. Barlow, J., and D.E. Goll. 2003. Digestion of m- and m-calpain by trypsin and chymotrypsin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1648: 140-153.

Idaho

Hendricksen, R.E., C. Gazzola, M.M. Reich, R.F. Roberton, D.J. Reid, and R.A.Hill. 2003. Using molasses as an alternative to controlled release devices for administering n-alkane markers to cattle. Animal Sci.76: 471-480.

Illinois

Kocamis, H., and J. Killefer. 2003. Expression profiles of IGF-1, IGF-II, bFGF and TGFB2 growth factors during chicken embryonic development. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 367-372.

McCusker, R. H., R. L. Mateski, J. Novakofski. 2003. Zinc alters the kinetics of IGF-II binding to cell surface receptors and binding proteins. Endocrine 21(3): 279-288.

McCusker, R. H. and J. Novakofski. 2003. Zinc partitions Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) from soluble IGF Binding Protein (IGFBP)-5 to the cell surface receptors of BC3H-1 muscle cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 197(3): 388-399.

Indiana

Hammelman, J.E., B.C. Bowker, A.L. Grant, J.C.Forrest, A.P. Schinckel, and D.E. Gerrard. 2003. Early postmortem electrical stimulation simulates PSE pork development Meat Sci. 63: 69-77.

Hatem, L., J. Tan, and D.E. Gerrard. 2003. Determination of animal skeletal maturity by image processing. Meat Sci. 65: 999﷓1004.

Iowa

Carlsson, L., C. Fischer, G. Sjoberg, R. M. Robson, T. Segersen and L.﷓E. Thomell. 2002. Cytoskeletal derangements in hereditary myopathy with desmin L345P mutation. Acta Neuropathol. 104: 493﷓504.



Kansas

Johnson, B. J., M.E. White, M.R. Hathaway, and W.R. Dayton. 2003. Effect of differentiation on levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein mRNAs in cultured porcine embryonic myogenic cells. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 24: 81-93.

White, M. E., B.J. Johnson, M.R. Hathaway, and W.R. Dayton. 2003. Growth factor mRNA levels in muscle and liver of steroid-implanted and nonimplanted steers. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 965-972.

Pampusch, M. S., B. J. Johnson, M. E. White, M. R. Hathaway, J. D. Dunn, A. T. Waylan, and W. R. Dayton. 2003. Time course of changes in growth factor mRNA levels in muscle of steroid-implanted and non-implanted steers. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 2733-2740.

Michigan

Scheffler J.M., D.D. Buskirk, S.R. Rust, J.D. Cowley and M.E. Doumit. 2003. Effect of repeated administration of combination trenbolone acetate and estradiol implants on growth, carcass traits, and beef quality of long﷓fed Holstein steers. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 2395﷓2400.

Yao, J., P.M. Coussens, P. Saama, S. Suchyta, and C.W. Ernst. 2002. Generation of expressed sequence tags from a normalized porcine skeletal muscle cDNA library. Anim. Biotech. 13: 211﷓222.

Farber, C.R., N.E. Raney, D.L. Kuhlers, K. Nadarajah and C.W. Ernst. 2003. Identification of genetic markers between two pig populations using representational difference analysis. Anim. Biotech. 14: 87﷓102.

Zhao, S., D. Nettleton, W. Liu, C.W. Fitzsimmons, C.W. Ernst and C.K. Tuggle. 2003. cDNA macroarray analyses of differential gene expression in porcine fetal and postnatal skeletal muscle. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 2179﷓2188.

Minnesota

Pampusch, M. S., E. Kamanga-Sollo, M. E. White, M. R. Hathaway, and W. R. Dayton. 2003. Effect of recombinant porcine IGF-binding protein-3 on proliferation of embryonic porcine myogenic cell cultures in the presence and absence of IGF-I. J. Endocrinol. 176: 227-235.
Kamanga-Sollo, E., M. S. Pampusch, M. E. White, and W. R. Dayton. 2003. Role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in TGF-beta- and GDF-8 (myostatin)-induced suppression of proliferation in porcine embryonic myogenic cell cultures. J. Cell Physiol. 197: 225-231.
Johnson, B. J., M. E. White, M. R. Hathaway, and W. R. Dayton. 2003. Effect of differentiation on levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein mRNAs in cultured porcine embryonic myogenic cells. Domest. Anim Endocrinol. 24: 81-93.
Pampusch, M. S., B. J. Johnson, M. E. White, M. R. Hathaway, J. D. Dunn, A. T. Waylan, and W. R. Dayton. 2003. Time course of changes in growth factor mRNA levels in muscle of steroid-implanted and non-implanted steers. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 965-972.
White, M. E., B. J. Johnson, M. R. Hathaway, and W. R. Dayton. 2003. Growth factor messenger RNA levels in muscle and liver of steroid-implanted and nonimplanted steers. J. Anim Sci. 81: 965-972.
Hathaway, M. R., W. R. Dayton, M. E. White, and M. S. Pampusch. 2003. Effects of antimicrobials and weaning on porcine serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein levels. J. Anim Sci. 81: 1456-1463.
North Carolina

Mozdziak P.E., Pophal S., Borwornpinyo S., J.N. Petitte. 2003. Transgenic chickens expressing beta﷓galactosidase hydrolyze lactose in the intestine J. Nutr. 133 (10): 3076﷓3079.

Pophal, S., J.J. Evans, and P.E. Mozdziak. 2003. Myonuclear apoptosis occurs during early posthatch starvation Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol. 135 (4): 677﷓681.

Giamario, C., J.N. Petitte, and P.E. Mozdziak. 2003. Hatchability of chicken embryos following somite manipulation Biotechniques 34 (6): 1128﷓1130.

Greaser M.L., M. Berri, C.M. Warren, and P.E. Mozdziak. 2002. Species variations in cDNA sequence and exon splicing patterns in the extensible I﷓band region of cardiac titin: relation to passive tension J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 23 (5﷓6): 473﷓482.

Mozdziak P.E, J.J. Dibner, and D.W. McCoy. 2003. Glyceraldehyde﷓3﷓phosphate dehydrogenase expression varies with age and nutrition status. Nutrition 19 (5): 438﷓440.

Mozdziak, P.E., C. Giamario, and J.N. Petitte, 2003. Myonuclear accretion-a brief review. An. Sci. Papers and Reports 21 (Suppl. 1) 121-131.

Mozdziak, P.E., S. Borwornpinyo, D.W. McCoy, and J.N. Petitte. 2003. Development of transgenic chickens expressing bacterial beta﷓galactosidase. Dev. Dynam. 226 (3): 439﷓445.

Mozdziak, P.E., T.J. Walsh, and D.W. McCoy. 2002. The effect of early posthatch nutrition on satellite cell mitotic activity. Poult. Sci. 81 (11): 1703﷓1708.

Mozdziak, P.E., J.J. Dibner, and D.W. McCoy. 2002.The effect of early posthatch starvation on calpain mRNA levels. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol. 133 (2): 221﷓226.

Mozdziak, P.E., J.J. Evans, and D.W. McCoy. 2002. Early posthatch starvation induces myonuclear apoptosis in chickens J. Nutr. 132 (5): 901﷓903.

Ohio

McFarland, D.C., X. Liu, S.G. Velleman, Z.Caiyun, C.S. Coy, and J.E. Pesall. 2003. Variation in fibroblast growth factor response and heparan sulfate proteoglycan production in satellite cell populations. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 134:341﷓351.

Wick, M., S. G. Velleman, C. S. Coy, D. C. McFarland, and C. I. Pretzman. 2003. Myosin heavy chain isoform expression is altered during in vitro myogenesis in low score normal chickens. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 136(2): 401-408.

Velleman, S.G. J.W. Anderson, C.S.Coy, and K.E. Nestor. 2003. Effect of selection for growth rate on muscle damage during turkey breast muscle development. Poult. Sci. 82: 1069﷓1074.

Liu, X., D.C. McFarland, K.E. Nestor, and S.G. Velleman, S.G. 2003. Expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 and its receptor during skeletal muscle development from turkeys with different growth rates. Dom. Anim. Endocrinol. 25: 215﷓229.

Velleman, S.G. and K.E. Nestor, K.E. 2003. Effect of selection for growth rate on myosin heavy chain temporal and spatial localization during turkey breast muscle development. Poult. Sci. 82: 1373﷓1377.

Velleman, S.G., C.S.Coy, J.W. Anderson, R.A. Patterson, and K.E. Nestor. 2003. Effect of selection for growth rate and inheritance on post hatch muscle development in turkeys. Poult. Sci. 82: 1365﷓1372.

Oregon

Xiao, Y.Y., M.C. Wang, J. Purintrapiban and N.E. Forsberg. 2003. Roles of u-calpain in cultuired L8 muscle cells: application of a skeletal muscle-specific gene expression system. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol Pharmacol. 134: 439-450.

Xiao, Y.Y., M.A. Beilstein, M.C.Wang J. Purintrapiban, and N.E. Forsberg. 2003. Development of a ponasterone A-inducible expression system for application in cultured skeletal muscle cells. Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 35: 79-85.

Purintrapiban, J., M.C. Wang, and N.E. Forsberg. 2003. Degradation of sarcomeric and cytoskeletal proteins in cultured skeletal muscle cells. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem Mol Biol. 136(3): 393-401.

Azuma, M., Y. Tamada, S. Kanaami, E. Nakajima, Y. Nakamura, C. Fukiage, N.E. Forsberg, M.K. Duncan, and T.R. Shearer. 2003. Differential influence of proteolysis by calpain 2 and Lp82 on in vitro precipitation of mouse lens crystallins. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 307(3): 558-63.

South Dakota

Wick, M., S. G. Velleman, C. S. Coy, D. C. McFarland, and C. I. Pretzman. 2003. Myosin heavy chain isoform expression is altered during in vitro myogenesis in low score normal chickens. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 136(2): 401-408.

Liu, X., K. E. Nestor, D. C. McFarland, and S. G. Velleman. 2002. Developmental expression of skeletal muscle heparan sulfate proteoglycans in turkey lines with different growth rates. Poult. Sci. 81: 1621-1628.

McFarland, D. C., X. Liu, S. G. Velleman, C. Zeng, C. S. Coy, and J. E. Pesall. 2003. Variation in fibroblast growth factor and heparan sulfate proteoglycan production in satellite cell populations. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C 134: 341-351.

Liu, X., D. C. McFarland, K. E. Nestor, and S. G. Velleman. 2003. Expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 and its receptor during skeletal muscle development in turkeys with different growth rates. Dom. Anim. Endocrin. 25(2): 215-219.

Wisconsin

Harris, S.P., W.T. Heller, M.L. Greaser, R.L. Moss, and J. Trewhella. 2003. Solution structure of heavy meromyosin by small-angle scattering. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 6034-6040.

Huang, C., Q. Zhou, P. Liang, M. Hollander, F. Sheikh, X. Li, M. Greaser, G. D. Shelton, S. Evans, and J.Chen. 2003. Short or long isoforms of Cypher can rescue lethality resulting from loss of Cypher function. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 7360-7365.

Warren, C.M., P.R. Krzesinski, and M.L. Greaser. 2003. Vertical agarose gel electrophoresis and electroblotting of high molecular weight proteins. Electrophoresis 24: 1695-1702.

Warren, C.M. and M.L. Greaser. 2003. Method for cardiac myosin heavy chain separation by SDS gel electrophoresis. Anal. Biochem. 320: 149-151.

Washington

Vierck, J., D. Icenoggle, L. Bucci and M.V. Dodson. 2003. The effects of ergogenic compounds on satellite cells. Med. Sci. Sports Exer. 35: 769-776.

Kuber, P.S., S.K. Duckett, J.R. Busboom, G.D. Snowder, M.V. Dodson, J.L. Vierck and J.F. Bailey. 2003. Measuring the effects of phenotype and mechanical restraint on proteolytic degradation and rigor shortening in callipyge lamb longissimus muscle during extended aging. Meat Sci. 63(3): 325-331.

Published Abstracts

Arizona

Cong. J., V.F. Thompson, and D.E. Goll. 2003. Phosphorylation of dephosphorylated m-calpain by protein kinase C. FASEB J. 17: A1006.

Cong, J., V.F. Thompson, and D.E. Goll. 2003. Phosphorylation of the calpains. 3rd General Meeting of the International Proteolysis Society, Nagoya, Japan. (in press).

Saido, M., H. Li, V.F. Thompson, N. Kunisaki, and D.E. Goll, D.E. 2003. Properties of the calpain system in rainbow trout. 3rd General Meeting of the International Proteolysis Society, Nagoya, Japan. (in press).

Hawaii

H.Y.Jin, Y.S. Kim and M.A. Dunn. 2003. Refolding and purification of unprocessed porcine myostatin expressed in E. coli. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 1): 305.

Idaho

Cochrane, J., A.L. Strat, M.V. Dodson, A. Gertler, and R.A. Hill. 2003. The impact of serine phosphorylation on the insulin pathway. Proc. Am. Chem. Soc. (in press).

Hunt, M.L., T.A. Kokta, T. OShea, R.A. Hill, and J.R. McFarlane. 2003. Leptin clearance rates during the early follicular phase are higher than during the luteal phase of the estrius cycle in ewes. Proc. Endocrin. Soc. Aust. 46: 77.

Hill, R.A., M.V. Dodson, a. Gertler, N.J. Hughes, and D. Henderson. 2003. Insulin signaling in bovine myogenic cells. J. Animal Sci. 81(Suppl. 1): 96.

Indiana

Eash, J.K., A. Olsen, A.L. Grant, D.E. Gerrard, and K.M. Hannon. 2003. Fibroblast growth factor receptor I mediates disuse atrophy in gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of mice. J. Anim. Sci. 81: (Suppl. 2): 57.

Guo, Q., A.L. Grant, B.T. Richert, A.P. Schinckel and D. E. Gerrard. 2003. Ractopamine may improve meat quality by altering postmortem metabolism. J. Anim. Sci. 81: (Suppl. 2) 53.

Iowa

Lee, H.﷓S., R. M. Bellin, D. L. Walker, M. H. Stromer, D. R. Critchley, and R. M. Robson. 2002. Characteristics of an actin﷓binding site (ABS) in the talin head domain and comparison to an ABS near the C﷓terminal of the molecule. Mol. Biol. Cell 13: 56a.

Lex, S.A., T. W. Huiatt, M. H. Stromer and R. M. Robson. 2003. Localization of intermediate filament proteins in developing avian skeletal muscle cells. J Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 2): 28.

Kansas

Sissom, E. K., J. P. Kayser, A. T. Waylan, J. D. Dunn, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effect of melengestrol acetate (MGA) on bovine muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 1): 305.

Dunn, J. D., A. T. Waylan, J. P. Kayser, E. K. Sissom, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effect of flax supplementation and a combined trenbolone acetate and estradiol implant on muscle satellite cell activity in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 1): 305.

Dunn, J. D., J. P. Kayser, A. T. Waylan, E. K. Sissom, J. S. Drouillard, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effect of flax supplementation and a combined trenbolone acetate and estradiol implant on circulating IGF-1 and muscle IGF-1 mRNA levels in finishing cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 2): 20.

Waylan, A. T., J. P. Kayser, J. D. Dunn, E. K. Sissom, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effect of flax supplementation and growth promotants on steady-state lipoprotein lipase and glycogenin mRNA concentrations in finishing cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 2): 30.

Kayser, J. P., J. D. Dunn, A. T. Waylan, S. S. Dritz, J. C. Nietfeld, J. E. Minton, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effects of acute enteric disease challenge on the insulin-like growth factor system in nursery pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 81 (Suppl. 2): 30.

Burkey T. E., S. S. Dritz, J. C. Nietfeld, B. J. Johnson, and J. E. Minton. 2003. Effect of dietary mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and sodium chlorate (CHL) on bacterial shedding in weaned pigs challenged with Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (ST). J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 2): 38.

Dunn, J. D., J. P. Kayser, A. T. Waylan, E. K. Sissom, J. S. Drouillard, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effect of flax supplementation and a combined trenbolone acetate and estradiol implant on circulating IGF-1 and muscle IGF-1 mRNA levels and satellite cell activity in beef cattle. Proc. Plains Nutrition Spring Conference. Pub. AREC 03-13. Texas A & M Research and Extension Center, Amarillo. P. 106.

Waylan, A. T., J. P. Kayser, J. D. Dunn, E. K. Sissom, and B. J. Johnson. 2003. Effect of flax supplementation and growth promotants on steady-state lipoprotein lipase and glycogenin mRNA concentrations in finishing cattle. Proc. Plains Nutrition Spring Conference. Pub. AREC 03-13. Texas A & M Research and Extension Center, Amarillo. P. 119.

Epp, M. P., D. A. Blasi, B. J. Johnson, and J. P. Kayser. 2003. Steroid hormone profiles and brain monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A) activity of buller steers. Proc. Plains Nutrition Spring Conference. Pub. AREC 03-13. Texas A & M Research and Extension Center, Amarillo. P. 107.

Michigan

Zhao, S., D. Nettleton, W. Liu, C. Fitzsimmons, C.W. Ernst, N.E. Raney and C.K. Tuggle. 2003. cDNA macroarray analyses of differential gene expression in porcine fetal and postnatal muscle. Plant and Animal Genome XI Conference. San Diego, CA. http://www.intl﷓pag.org/l1/abstracts/P5m_P623_XI.html.

Nebraska

Novak, C., S. Scheideler, and S. Jones. 2003. Effect of dietary level and TSAA:Lysine ratio on body composition, egg protein and magnum tissue of the laying hen. Poultry Sci. 80: (Suppl. 1) 390.

North Carolina

Evans, J.J., S. Pophal, and P.E. Mozdziak. 2003. Myonuclear apoptosis during early post﷓hatch starvation. Poult. Sci. (Suppl. 1)82: 45.

Mozdziak, P.E. 2003. An undergraduate laboratory course on animal cell culture techniques Poult. Sci. (Suppl. 1) 82: 255.

Mozdziak, P.E., J.J. Dibner, and D.W. McCoy. 2003. Glyceraldehyde﷓3﷓dehydrogenase expression in skeletal muscle is altered by nutritional status. Poult Sci. (Suppl. 1) 82: 324

Moore, D.T., P.R. Ferket, and P.E. Mozdziak, P.E. 2003. BrdU administration to avian embryos. Poult. Sci. (Suppl. 1) 82: 351

Giamario, C., J.N. Petitte, and P.E. Mozdziak. 2003. Hatchability of chicken embryos following intrasomite injection. Poult Sci. (Suppl. 1) 82: 354.

Mozdziak, P.E., S. Pophal, S. Borwornpinyo, S. Pardue, and J.N. Petitte. 2003. Transgenic chickens expressing beta﷓galactosidase. Transgen. Res (in press).

Mozdziak, P.E., S. Borwornpinyo, D.W. McCoy, and J.N. Petitte. 2002. Development of transgenic poultry expressing nuclear﷓located lacZ. Poult. Sci. 81 (Supplement 1): 376.

Evans, J.J., D.W. McCoy, and P.E. Mozdziak. 2002. Early post﷓hatch starvation induces myonuclear apoptosis. Poult. Sci. 81 (Supplement 1): 100.

Wisconsin

Watanabe, K., P. Nair, D. Labeit, M. Kellermayer, M. Greaser, S. Labeit, and H. Granzier. 2003. Molecular mechanics of cardiac titins PEVK and N2B spring elements. Biophys. J. 84: 244a.

Warren, C.M. and M.L. Greaser. 2003. Vertical agarose gel electrophoresis and electroblotting of high molecular weight proteins. Biophys. J. 84: 564a.

Washington

He, M.L., P.S. Mir, E. Okine, and M.V. Dodson. 2003. Effect of culture media containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)cis (c)9,trans(t)11 and CLAt10,c12 on proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: #55.

He, M.L., P.S. Mir, E. Okine, and M.V. Dodson. 2003. Effect of culture media containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)cis (c)9,trans(t)11 and CLAt10,c12 on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Can. J. Anim. Sci 83: #56.

Hill, R.A., M.V. Dodson, A. Gertler, N.J. Hughes and D. Henderson. 2003. Insulin signaling in bovine myogenic cells. J. Anim. Sci. 81: 96.

Cochrane, J., L. Strat, M.V. Dodson, A. Gertler and R.A. Hill. 2003. The impact of serine phosphorylation on the insulin pathway. Proc. Am. Chem. Soc. 143: 93.

Fernyhough, M.E., L.R. Bucci, J. Feliciano, J.L. Vierck and M.V. Dodson. 2003. Ergogenic supplements and their effects on muscle satellite cells. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 22(5): 482.


Accepted Full-Length Articles

Arizona

Li, H., V.F. Thompson, V.F., and D.E. Goll. Effects of autolysis on properties of :- and m-calpain. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (in press).

Illinois

McCusker, R. H. and J. Novakofski. 2003. Zinc partitions IGFs From soluble IGFBP-5, but not soluble IGFBP-4, to myoblast IGF Type 1 receptors. J. Endo. (in press).

Gahr, S.A., H. Kocamis, J.J. Richter and J. Killefer. 2003. The effects of in ovo rhIGF-I administration on expression of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) during chicken embryonic development. Growth Dev. Aging (in press).

Indiana

Bowker, B.C., D.R. Swartz, A.L. Grant, and D.E. Gerrard. Method of isolation, rate of postmortem metabolism, and myosin heavy chain isoform composition influence ATPase activity of isolated porcine myofibrils. Meat Sci. (in press).

Alzghoul, M.B., D.E. Gerrard, B.A. Watkins and K.M. Hannon. Ectopic expression of IGF﷓I and Shh by skeletal muscle inhibits disuse﷓mediated skeletal muscle atrophy and bone osteopenia in vivo. FASEB J. (in press).

Bowker, B.C., D.R. Swartz, A.L. Grant, and D.E. Gerrard. Myosin heavy chain isoforms influence myofibrillar ATPase activity under simulated postmortem pH, calcium, and temperature conditions. Meat Sci. (in press).

Iowa

Potts, J.K., S.E. Echternkamp, T.P.L. Smith, and J.M. Reecy.. Characterization of Gene Expression In Double﷓Muscled and Normal﷓Muscled Bovine Embryos. Anim. Genet. (in press).

Kansas

Dunn, J. D., B. J. Johnson, J. P. Kayser, A. T. Waylan, E. K. Sissom, and J. S. Drouillard. Effects of flax supplementation and a combined trenbolone acetate and estradiol implant on circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and muscle IGF-I messenger RNA levels in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Burkey T. E., S. S. Dritz, J. C. Nietfeld, B. J. Johnson, and J. E. Minton. Effect of dietary mannanoligosaccharide and sodium chlorate on growth performance, acute phase response and bacterial shedding of weaned pigs challenged with Salmonella enterica Serotype typhimurium. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Anderson, P. T. and B. J. Johnson. Effects of metabolic modifiers in food animal production. Encyclopedia of Meat Sciences (in press).

Michigan

Wesolowski, S.R., N.E. Raney and C.W. Ernst. Developmental changes in the fetal pig transcriptome. Physiol.Genom. (in press).

Farber, C.R., N.E. Raney, V.D. Rilington, P.J. Venta and C.W. Ernst. Comparative mapping of genes flanking the human chromosome 12 evolutionary breakpoint in the pig. Cytogenet. Genome Res. (in press).

Martinez, M.M., G.M. Hill, J.E. Link, N.E. Raney, R.J. Tempelman and C.W. Ernst. Impact of pharmacological zinc and phytase on liver metallothionein concentration and mRNA abundance in the young pig. J. Nutr. (in press).

Minnesota
Kamanga-Sollo, E, M. S. Pampusch, G. Xi, M. E. White, M. R. Hathaway, and W. R. Dayton. IGF-I mRNA Levels in Bovine Satellite Cell Cultures: Effects of Fusion and Anabolic Steroid Treatment. J. Cell Physiol. (In press).
Ohio

Velleman, S.G., Anderson, J.W., and Nestor, K.E. Possible maternal inheritance of breast muscle morphology in turkeys at sixteen weeks of age. Poultry Sci. (in press).

Velleman, S.G., and McFarland, D.C. Beta I integrin mediation of myogenic differentiation: Implications for satellite cell differentiation. Poultry Sci. (in press).

Pennsylvania

Wang, X., S.R. Thomson, J.D. Starkey, J.L. Page, A.D. Ealy and S.E. Johnson. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF - beta 1) is up-regulated by activated Raf in skeletal myoblasts but does not contribute to the differentiation-defective phenotype. J. Biol. Chem. (in press).

South Dakota

Wick, M., S.G. Velleman, C.S. Coy, D.C. McFarland, and C.I. Pretzman. Myosin heavy chain isoform expression is altered during in vitro myogenesis in low score normal chickens. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (in press).

Velleman, S.G., Anderson, J.W., and Nestor, K.E. Possible maternal inheritance of breast muscle morphology in turkeys at sixteen weeks of age. Poult. Sci. (in press).

Velleman, S.G., and McFarland, D.C. Beta I integrin mediation of myogenic differentiation: Implications for satellite cell differentiation. Poult. Sci. (in press).

Washington

Kuber, P.S., J.R. Busboon, E. Huff-Lonergan, S.K. Duckett, P.S. Mir, Z. Mir, R.G. McCormick, M.V. Dodson, C.T. Gaskins, J.D. Cronrath, D.J. Marks, and J.J. Reeves. Effects of biological type and dietary fat treatments on factors associated with tenderness I. Measurements on beef longissimus muscle. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Cochrane, J., L. Strat, M.V. Dodson, A. Gertler and R.A. Hill. 2003. The impact of serine phosphorylation on the insulin pathway. Proc. Am. Chem. Soc.(in press).

Dodson, M.V. Publishing in BAM is an act of benevolence, vanity, stupidity or just good science: Reflection of a BAM supporter. Basic and Appl. Myol. 13(6): (in press).

Holman, B. and M.V. Dodson. Creatine monohydrate attenuates satellite cell proliferation. McNair J. 11(in press).

Fernyhough, M.E., L.R. Bucci, J. Feliciano, J.L. Vierck and M.V. Dodson. Ergogenic supplements and their effects on muscle satellite cells. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. (in press).


Non-refereed Publications

Proceedings, Book Chapters, etc.

Arizona

Allen, R.E. and D.E. Goll. 2003. Cellular and developmental biology of skeletal muscle as related to muscle growth. In: Scanes, C.G., (ed.) Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals, Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 148-169.

Idaho

Hill, R.A., F.R. Dunshea, and M.V. Dodson. 2003. Growth and livestock. In: Scanes, C.G. (ed.) Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 342-364.

Hill, R.A., J.M. Pell, and D.J. Flint. 2003. Immunomodulation of growth. In: Scanes, C.G. (ed) Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 316-341.

Ohio

Velleman, S.G. 2003. Extracellular matrix and growth. In: Scanes, C.G. (ed.) Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals, Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 134-147.

South Dakota

McFarland, D.C. 2003. Nutrition and growth. In: Scanes, C.G. (ed.) Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals, Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 249-262.

Washington

Calza, R.E. and M.V. Dodson. 2003. Approaches to assess animal growth potential. In: Scanes, C.G. (ed.) Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals, Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 27-58.

Hill, R., F. Dunshea and M. Dodson. 2003. Growth and livestock. In: Scanes C.G. (ed). Biology of Growth of Domestic Animals, Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA. pp 342-364.


Dissertation/Thesis

Hawaii

Lee, Y.K. 2003. Production and characterization of anti-myostatin antibody. M.S. Thesis, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, 101p.

Indiana

Bowker, B.C. 2003. Effects of myosin heavy chain isoform on postmortem myofibril functionality and meat quality. PhD Thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 193p.

Nebraska

Edeal, J. B. 2003. Identifying differentially expressed genes in C2C 12 myogenic cells using differential display PCR. M. S. Thesis, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 101p.